Brain dynamics refers to the study of how the brain's neural activity changes over time, in response to various stimuli or cognitive tasks. This field of research aims to understand the underlying mechanisms that govern how different brain regions interact and communicate with each other, leading to the generation of thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. Techniques such as electroencephalography (EEG), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and magnetoencephalography (MEG) are commonly used to measure and analyze brain dynamics in order to gain insights into brain function and dysfunction. By studying brain dynamics, researchers can better understand how the brain processes information and how disruptions in neural activity may contribute to neurological and psychiatric disorders.